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EXCLUSIVE: New Delhi Does Not Support Attempts to Isolate Russia, Says Russian Ambassador to India_我的网站

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A |     Sputnik: How do you assess the results of the XIV BRICS Summit for Russia and India?,Denis Alipov: The XIV BRICS Summit held on 23 June this year was certainly another significant step in the development of the BRICS [Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa] grouping, which in essence reflects the formation of a new reality in international relations - the transition from a unipolar system to a polycentric world order.,The important thing is that, against the backdrop of geopolitical collisions, the five countries send a powerful message of common understanding of global processes - from reforming the multilateral system of economic governance to the situation in disarmament and non-proliferation, information security, counter-terrorism and other challenges. There was a clear consensus against arbitrary sanctions, which are the exclusive prerogative of the UN Security Council. We also shared a disapproval of the distorting effects of any discriminatory measures in international trade, which mainly affect developing countries.,Of course, our main target now is to build a smooth and reliable system of mutual settlements as an alternative to a compromised mechanism based on the dominance of the US dollar. We suggest developing a new international currency, to connect the banks of the BRICS countries to the Russian System for Transfer of Financial Messages, SPFS (a SWIFT analogue), to integrate national payment systems into a unified network for cross-border clearing settlements.,Clearly, no less importantly are steps to strengthen BRICS’ sectoral cooperation, which, according to the results of this year's work, continues to expand in the spheres of health, science and technology, space, etc. The New Development Bank, having a loan portfolio of $29Bln, stands out for its successful project activities.,The BRICS+ High-level Forum on Sustainable Development received a great response, which demonstrated the considerable interest developing countries have in cooperating with BRICS, and the positive global agenda that the grouping is building.,I believe that the BRICS, contrary to criticism, will have an increasing influence on world processes.,Sputnik: How does India and China's interaction within the BRICS framework unfold against the backdrop of the territorial dispute between the two countries in Ladakh? And how does this disagreement generally affect how the 'Five' interact and work with each other? Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi on Wednesday said that “common interests of India and China 'far outweigh' the differences” at a meeting with India’s ambassador to Beijing - is that really true?,Denis Alipov: Interaction within BRICS is mature and constructive. The active participation of India and China in all BRICS events this year clearly demonstrates this. The most important thing is that the member states use this platform not to antagonize each other but to promote mutually beneficial cooperation and synergy of interests.,The "Five" offer an extensive common agenda on these very foundations, that in one way or other will also contribute to overcoming bilateral disagreements.,Sputnik: Does BRICS plan to expand in the near future (according to media reports, China is in favor of this), and how do Russia and India view this?,Denis Alipov: The interest of like-minded countries in the "Five" is proof positive of how inclusive the association is, its openness to cooperation with all constructively minded partners, ready to seek answers to the challenges which are facing the international community at present.,Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stressed that the discussion of BRICS expansion is justified and timely. The idea itself received principled support at the XIV BRICS Summit. Another thing to remember is that haste in this matter may be counterproductive. It is necessary to think in detail about the principles, standards and procedures of such a process, which should be developed through debate and by consensus. The main thing is that the accession of new members will help to increase the effectiveness and practical impact of the “Five's” activities.,Sputnik: How do you assess BRICS' role as a platform for building relations between the members of the association and enhancing relations between Russia and India in particular?,Denis Alipov: BRICS plays an important role in building relations between member countries. It has a great deal of institutional capacity and experience in practical cooperation. As I have already said, the “Five” share a common understanding of the need to build an equitable and fair polycentric model of the global system that corresponds with the political, economic and cultural diversity of today's world and meets the interests of all its states.,The decisions made at this platform undoubtedly also contribute to enhancing cooperation between India and Russia. It is sufficient to cite a few examples of the mechanisms that have been created: the New Development Bank, the Vaccine Research and Development Center, and the Joint Committee on Space Cooperation. Each of them provides a platform for experts to share experiences and find promising solutions in specific areas, and they can use this useful experience both at home and with regard to the interaction between our two countries.,BRICS May Defuse Frozen Border Issues Between India and China, Expert Says27 June, 10:14 GMT,Sputnik: India has recently come under pressure from the West because of its balanced stance on Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. Have the anti-Russian sanctions affected the cooperation between Moscow and New Delhi? And have you personally noticed any changes in the Indian position?,Denis Alipov: The partnership between Russia and India rests on a deep strategic foundation, drawing its strengths not only from strong historical roots, but also on a coinciding vision of the future world order. As you see, the external conjunction is incapable of affecting our relations in any meaningful way. We have regularly seen evidence of this in statements by the Indian leadership in recent months.,We are grateful to New Delhi for its objective assessment of the Ukrainian events. Clearly, they understand the background of the present geopolitical and geo-economic situation and the forced nature of Russia's actions in Ukraine. They see the destructive role of illegitimate restrictions in the genesis of the present global food and energy crisis, the responsibility for which the West seeks to place entirely on our country.,India does not support attempts to isolate Russia in multilateral forums and is critical of the West's wish to reduce the international agenda to the conflict in question, ignoring other key global and regional problems, which the West itself has exacerbated significantly. The pressure exerted by the West, aggressively imposing its conditions about who one can and cannot be friends with, causes the rejection of such diktat.,At the same time, we must be realistic about what is happening: India is interested in developing cooperation with the rest of the world, including the United States and Europe. National interests and the need to preserve strategic autonomy guide the Indians in their actions, rejecting the very idea of dividing lines and the paradigm of bloc confrontation.,As for the sanctions as such, they certainly throw up challenges, which will require a certain time to adapt and, I am sure, will be overcome in time. The main thing is that our cooperation actively continues because it is based on common interests and an understanding of each other's special place in mutual strategic arrangements.,Sputnik: In December 2021, Russia and India outlined many new goals for cooperation, including doubling mutual trade and investment. How realistic do these goals now seem?,Denis Alipov: First and foremost, it should be noted that the goals outlined in December 2021 at the annual bilateral summit in New Delhi are fully consistent with the enormous potential of our relations. The India-Russia partnership operates on all sorts of levels. We are expanding cooperation in communications, diamond processing, forestry, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, tourism, railroads, metallurgy, civil aviation, shipbuilding and oil refining. Our military and military-technical cooperation is being strengthened. We are progressively implementing the plans adopted at the 2019 Vladivostok Summit to work together in the Far Eastern and Arctic regions, and we are building up cooperation in the trade, economic, investment, banking and financial sectors.,The dynamics of bilateral trade speak for itself. According to India's statistics, from January to April 2022, it amounted to $6.4Bln. This is almost twice as much as for the same period last year. If we maintain these volumes throughout the year, we will have a turnover of more than $19Bln by the end of 2022. To put this in context, let me remind you that in the previous year we had an absolute record of $13.6Bln.,I expect that despite the West's sanctions against Russia, the positive dynamics of trade will continue. Unfortunately, in the first months after the launch of the special military operation in Ukraine there were certain difficulties with supplying Russian goods to India and vice versa. However, today we have successfully overcome most of these barriers. We are confident that Indian exports to Russia (including science-intensive ones) will gain momentum in the near future.,We see good prospects for Indian pharmaceutical products, leather and textiles, agricultural goods, components for machinery and equipment, telecommunications equipment, organic chemistry products. We expect growth in mutual turnover of services in such sectors as tourism, finance and insurance, telecommunications and information technology, transport and construction. We have great hopes for the implementation of the International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) project.,The withdrawal of many western companies from the Russian market opens up many new opportunities for Indian businesses. The Russian business community is very serious about strengthening ties with India. Russia invites Indian companies in the aviation and metallurgical industries, in the wood-processing chain, and firms producing consumer goods for business cooperation.,Our main task today is to adjust our trade and economic relations to the new realities, to synchronize the payment systems of the two countries, giving priority to the increased use of national currencies.,Sputnik: US media giants, despite the diversity of the Indian media sphere, have been successful in infiltrating it. How far do you think has US propaganda penetrated local media? How do you view your interaction with the Indian media against this backdrop?,Denis Alipov: Indeed, western media has taken a very strong hold around the world and in India as well. These circumstances – and many local analysts point this out – limit the ability of national media outlets to offer their audiences an independent view of global processes. Much of the content published here is reprints from Reuters, the Associated Press, and AFP, all of which openly promote the interests of the so-called collective West, not shying away from fostering Russophobic sentiments and trafficking fake news.,India Discussing Rupee-Ruble Payment Mechanism With Russia24 June, 13:35 GMT,This is especially evident in the Indian media's coverage of events around Ukraine. Local newspapers sometimes publish absolute nonsense, exposing a basic ignorance of the region and history. There is no shortage of blatantly ordered articles aimed at denigrating the activities of Russian companies in India. This is nothing but an attempt at unfair competition.,Obviously, we respond appropriately. We publish our own material and rebuttals. We work with the press corps and explain all the nuances of the events from a historical and geopolitical point of view. We make active use of internet resources in this area.,It is noteworthy that local authorities have also intervened in the situation. In April this year, India's Ministry of Information and Broadcasting issued recommendations to satellite TV channels, indicating the unacceptability of spreading inaccurate and misleading information, including in the context of covering Russia's special military operation in Ukraine.,We know that the vast majority of our Indian friends, including in the journalistic community, do not share the one-sided view of the situation imposed on them. They prefer to trust facts, which, incidentally, are in the public domain - every day relevant materials are posted on the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Defense's websites. They can also be found on the embassy's website and its social media accounts.,Some Indian journalists visited the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, wanting to see with their own eyes what was really going on. Their reports and interviews are now available to the public. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude for their work.,Furthermore, I would like to thank our audience on social media. Thanks to their comments and support, we can see that attempts to tarnish Russia are doomed to failure.,Sputnik: You are an expert on India and speak Hindi. Please tell us, what made you fall in love with this country?,Denis Alipov: India for me is a life-long journey. I have spent more than 27 years here, studied its history in college, and been directly involved with the development of relations with it throughout my tenure.,As it did for my mentor and predecessor, the late Ambassador Alexander Kadakin [Russia's ambassador to India from 2009 to 2017], India became for me a 'Karmabhoomi' - a land of action.,India is an incredible country, an ancient civilization that combines centuries-old traditions and modern trends, the diversity of cultures, languages and beliefs. It is the brightest embodiment of the formula of unity in diversity. Rapid economic, scientific and technological development, the large young active population, the impressive growth of authority in the global arena have ensured its strong place among the world powers that will determine the future of our planet.。    

作者:董伊帆导读2026年被称为"中国可回收火箭量产元年",预计十余款火箭同时冲刺可回收技术验证。

B | 截至2026年初,中国五家头部民营火箭企业蓝箭航天、中科宇航、天兵科技、星河动力、星际荣耀总估值突破千亿人民币。这其中,蓝箭航天被视为“最接近SpaceX”的中国选手。蓝箭航空能否成为中国的SpaceX?本文将从技术路线、商业模式、资本加持和竞争压力四个方面进行分析。

C | 一、技术路线上,最难但是最匹配判定蓝箭航天能否对标SpaceX,首要标准在于技术路线。SpaceX的核心技术路线突破集中在三个层面,一是液氧甲烷全流量分级燃烧循环发动机(猛禽系列),二是垂直起降可回收火箭,三是超大运力。这三点上,蓝箭航天在中国商业航天五小龙中独树一帜,与SpaceX最为匹配。

                                                                                                                                                                                             
技术维度蓝箭航天SpaceX
推进剂液氧甲烷液氧甲烷(星舰)
箭体材料不锈钢不锈钢(星舰)
回收方式垂直起降垂直起降
近地轨道运力(不回收)21.3吨22.8吨(猎鹰9号)
设计复用次数20次15-20次(猎鹰9号实际)
发动机循环方式全流量分级燃烧全流量分级燃烧(猛禽)
蓝箭航天是目前中国商业航天领域唯一坚持纯液氧甲烷路线并实现工程化应用的企业。其BF-20发动机采用全流量分级燃烧循环,海平面推力达224吨,2025年5月完成整机试车,直接对标SpaceX猛禽发动机的核心技术特征;朱雀三号直径4.5米,全箭长66.1米,通体采用不锈钢材料,与SpaceX星舰材料选择一致;近地轨道运力设计为一次性任务21.3吨,航区回收任务18.3吨,一级设计可重复使用不低于20次,技术路线与猎鹰9号同样高度一致。尽管如此,技术路线的先进性,不等于工程化能力的成熟度。蓝箭航空所选择的液氧甲烷路线一定程度上缺乏可借鉴的成熟经验,仍需通过大量试验逐步摸索。在这一技术路线完全实现工程化成熟之前,蓝箭航空还必须要承受很长一段时间的高失败风险和高资本消耗。任何一次重大发射失败,都可能导致市场对其技术路线的信心动摇。二、商业模式上,造火箭只是起点如果技术路线解决的是能不能做的问题,商业模式解决的就是值不值得做的问题。SpaceX的核心不是火箭制造技术本身,而是其构建了从火箭制造到发射服务到卫星运营到终端应用的完整商业闭环。其星链星座截至2025年已在轨超7,000颗卫星,年收入预计达150亿美元,其发射任务中约70%为星链部署。这种"左手倒右手"的内部循环,使火箭发射从成本中心变为利润中心。在中国商业航天五小龙中,蓝箭航天具备构建类似闭环的潜力。蓝箭旗下鸿擎科技主导的"鸿鹄-3"星座计划,拟在160个轨道平面部署共计10000颗低轨通信卫星,是中国首个民营万颗级卫星互联网项目。这种为自家火箭定制卫星的模式,与SpaceX的策略高度一致,通过抢占稀缺的低轨频轨资源,形成内部需求循环,帮助自身从硬件制造商向空天信息服务商拓展。然而就目前而言,要实现这一闭环并非易事。

D | 根据相关数据,蓝箭航天2025年上半年营收仅3643万元,其中97.96%仍来自单次火箭发射服务。"鸿鹄-3"在轨卫星数量为0颗,要实现从0到1的突破,需要数百亿元级别的资金投入,远超火箭研发的资本需求。此外,曾有投资人尖锐地指出,SpaceX星链的高估值得益于美国地广人稀、5G覆盖不足的场景,而中国完善的5G基础设施可能压缩卫星互联网的市场空间。

E | 加之国家队的GW星座(12,992颗)和千帆星座(15,000颗)在频轨资源、政府订单、标准制定上具有天然优势,在国家队星座加速组网的背景下,蓝箭航空鸿鹄-3的生存空间很有可能快速被压缩。未来若鸿鹄-3推进不及预期,蓝箭将回归单一发射服务商定位,发展前景将面临重估。

                                                                                                                                                                                             
商业模式维度蓝箭航天SpaceX
火箭制造✓(朱雀系列)✓(猎鹰/星舰)
发射服务✓(少量订单)✓(年均100+次)
卫星运营△(鸿鹄-3规划中,0颗在轨)✓(星链7,000+颗在轨)
终端应用✗(暂无)✓(星链终端+订阅服务)
年收入规模~3,643万元(2025H1)~150亿美元(星链2025预计)
自我造血能力尚未形成已形成
三、资本加持上,高估值不代表有耐心SpaceX在2002-2015年间累计亏损估计超过10亿美元,直至猎鹰9号回收成功、发射频次提升后才逐步实现盈利。

F | 蓝箭航天正在复制这条"高投入、长周期、高风险"的路径,但SpaceX长期处于一级市场,投资者以长期基金为主,对亏损容忍度较高;而蓝箭面对A股市场,中国的资本市场是否有足够的耐心?目前,中国商业航天正经历一轮资本狂热,狂热之下,基本面与估值背离严重,一定程度上影响着资本市场的信心。蓝箭航天IPO目标估值750亿元,但2025年上半年营收仅3,643万元,累计亏损超48亿元,三年半研发费用合计超22.90亿元,研发投入是营收的50倍以上。2025年12月8日,蓝箭航天递交上市申请前22天,其股东上海科慧将所持股份全部转让,套现2.61亿元。这种"临阵脱逃"的行为,折射出部分早期投资者对高估值可持续性的审慎态度。此外,2026年3月,蓝箭航天因"财务资料过有效期"一度中止审核,虽然属于程序性操作,但结合其高亏损、低收入的财务表现,监管机构对其持续经营能力的审视趋于严格。四、竞争压力上,参与者多且窗口期短目前我国国家星座的组网需求迫切。

G | 2025年12月,中国一次性向ITU申报了20.3万颗卫星的频轨资源,而截至2025年底,GW星座在轨仅136颗,千帆星座仅108颗,占总体规划不足1%。按此预计,2026-2028年的发射需求预计年均50-100次,市场规模数百亿元。这也是为什么2026年被称为"中国可回收火箭量产元年",10余款火箭同时冲刺可回收,技术验证的密度和竞争烈度前所未有。

H | 这也意味着马太效应将迅速显现,技术成熟度高、运力大、成本低、率先实现稳定回收复用的企业,将获取显著的先发优势,而技术验证失败或周期过长的企业,可能直接出局。对蓝箭航天而言,2026年朱雀三号回收试验是重中之重。若成功,将成为中国首家实现火箭垂直起降回收的民营企业,技术壁垒和估值基础将得到极大巩固;若再次失利,则为其竞争对手提供赶超窗口。小结回到最初的问题,蓝箭航天会成为中国的SpaceX吗?从技术路线看,它是确实最接近的企业,从商业模式上看,它也迈出了关键一步,但从资本与现实的角度看,它仍正走在一条高风险的钢丝上,接下来的任何一次发射与回收都将至关重要。

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